Friday, October 19, 2007

Nationalism and the Creation of Italy

Nationalism had an enormous influence on world history. Nationalism is the love of your country, and your willingness to sacrifice for it. It is the loyalty and devotion you have for your country, to put your country above all else. Nationalism makes the basis of a country so much stronger. It can unite countries, as it did in Italy, or divide a country, like the Balkans during the 20th century. I am Nationalistic. How? I speak English; I know the National Anthem and Pledge of Allegiance by heart. I know quite a lot of U.S. history; I eat American food, listen to American music, and wear American styles. I know what’s going on in the news, and etc. I can say fairly, that I am proud of my country and am quite nationalistic.

During the 1800’s, the feelings of Nationalism erupted in many countries of Europe. France, during the regime of Napoleon, Germany, where unification was achieved, Russia, where modernization was occurring, the United States which underwent the Civil War, and Italy, where unification was also was achieved.

Italy was broken up into small provinces that were governed by foreign countries. Venetia and Lombardy were ruled by Austria, and the two Sicilies were ruled by Spain. The Italians eventually were fed up with other countries ruling them. Nationalistic feelings surfaced and Italians united, moving toward unification. Three great leaders rose to help; Guiseppe Mazzini, Count Camillo di Cavour, and Guiseppe Garibaldi. Mazzini started a group called Young Italy in 1831, which was a nationalistic movement that wanted to end foreign rule. Cavour was the prime minister of Sardinia, a large Italian state. He formed alliances with other powerful countries to end foreign rule. Garibaldi was a military leader who liberated most of Southern Italy with his Red Shirt army. In an election, Garibaldi was voted the right to be able to unite Southern Italy with the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. Lastly, in 1870, Italy took over the last Papal States and chose Victor Emmanuel as their King. As you can see, Nationalism had a great part in this movement.

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